{"id":65630,"date":"2026-10-13T21:39:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-13T16:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/?page_id=65630"},"modified":"2026-10-13T21:39:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-13T16:09:00","slug":"roman-numeral-converter","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/tools\/roman-numeral-converter\/","title":{"rendered":"Roman Numeral Converter: Numbers, Years and Dates"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This free <strong>Roman numeral converter<\/strong> turns any number from 1 to 3999 into Roman numerals and back, with a breakdown of how each one is built. It also converts dates, so you can write a birthday, wedding date or year in Roman numerals for a tattoo, a clock face, an invitation or a film credit.<\/p>\n<style>.qt-tool{--qt-accent:var(--global-palette1,#2B6CB0);--qt-accent2:var(--global-palette2,#215387);--qt-ink:var(--global-palette3,#1A202C);--qt-muted:var(--global-palette5,#4A5568);--qt-line:var(--global-palette7,#EDF2F7);--qt-soft:var(--global-palette8,#F7FAFC);--qt-bg:var(--global-palette9,#ffffff);background:var(--qt-soft);border:1px solid var(--qt-line);border-radius:12px;padding:20px;margin:0 0 1.75em;color:var(--qt-ink);box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(26,32,44,.06)} .qt-tool *{box-sizing:border-box} .qt-tool .qt-label{display:block;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 6px} .qt-tool textarea,.qt-tool input[type=number],.qt-tool input[type=text],.qt-tool input[type=date],.qt-tool select{width:100%;font:inherit;font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--qt-ink);background:var(--qt-bg);border:1px solid #CBD5E0;border-radius:8px;padding:10px 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.qt-swatches{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}.qt-tool .qt-kw{columns:1}.qt-tool .qt-result{font-size:36px}.qt-tool .qt-die{width:58px;height:58px;font-size:24px}.qt-tool .qt-die.qt-pip{font-size:48px}} .qt-tool .qt-two{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:12px} .qt-tool .qt-two textarea{min-height:180px} .qt-tool .qt-diff{background:var(--qt-bg);border:1px solid var(--qt-line);border-radius:8px;margin:12px 0 0;max-height:560px;overflow:auto;font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.55} .qt-tool .qt-dl{display:grid;grid-template-columns:3.2em 3.2em 1.4em 1fr;min-width:0} .qt-tool .qt-ln{color:#A0AEC0;text-align:right;padding:0 6px;user-select:none;border-right:1px solid var(--qt-line)} .qt-tool .qt-sign{text-align:center;color:var(--qt-muted);user-select:none} .qt-tool .qt-code{white-space:pre-wrap;word-break:break-word;padding:0 8px 0 2px} .qt-tool .qt-add{background:#F0FFF4} .qt-tool .qt-add .qt-sign{color:#2F855A;font-weight:700} .qt-tool .qt-del{background:#FFF5F5} .qt-tool .qt-del .qt-sign{color:#C53030;font-weight:700} .qt-tool .qt-wadd{background:#9AE6B4;color:inherit;border-radius:2px;padding:0} .qt-tool .qt-wdel{background:#FEB2B2;color:inherit;border-radius:2px;padding:0;text-decoration:line-through} .qt-tool .qt-mono{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:14px;word-break:break-all;background:var(--qt-bg);border:1px solid var(--qt-line);border-radius:8px;padding:8px 10px;margin:4px 0 0;min-height:2.4em;color:var(--qt-ink)} .qt-tool .qt-big{font-size:18px;letter-spacing:.04em} .qt-tool .qt-explain{font-size:14px;color:var(--qt-muted);text-align:center;margin:6px 0 0;min-height:1.2em} .qt-tool .qt-result.qt-roman{font-size:32px} .qt-tool .qt-dateout{font-size:24px;font-weight:700;color:var(--qt-accent2);letter-spacing:.03em} .qt-ref{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:15px;margin:0 0 1.5em} .qt-ref th,.qt-ref td{border:1px solid #E2E8F0;padding:6px 10px;text-align:left} .qt-ref th{background:#F7FAFC} @media (max-width:600px){.qt-tool .qt-two{grid-template-columns:1fr}.qt-tool .qt-dl{grid-template-columns:2.6em 2.6em 1.2em 1fr}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"qt-tool\" id=\"qt-rm\">\n<div class=\"qt-grid\">\n<div class=\"qt-field\"><label for=\"qt-rm-num\">Number (1 to 3999)<\/label><input type=\"number\" id=\"qt-rm-num\" value=\"2026\" min=\"1\" max=\"3999\" step=\"1\" inputmode=\"numeric\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-field\"><label for=\"qt-rm-rom\">Roman numeral<\/label><input type=\"text\" id=\"qt-rm-rom\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" style=\"text-transform:uppercase\" placeholder=\"e.g. MMXXVI\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-presets\" aria-label=\"Years\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"qt-btn qt-btn-ghost qt-btn-sm\" data-qt-year=\"2000\">2000<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"qt-btn qt-btn-ghost qt-btn-sm\" data-qt-year=\"2024\">2024<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"qt-btn qt-btn-ghost qt-btn-sm\" data-qt-year=\"2025\">2025<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"qt-btn qt-btn-ghost qt-btn-sm\" data-qt-year=\"2026\">2026<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"qt-btn qt-btn-ghost qt-btn-sm\" data-qt-year=\"2027\">2027<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-result qt-roman\" id=\"qt-rm-result\" aria-live=\"polite\">?<\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-explain\" id=\"qt-rm-explain\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-row\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"qt-btn\" id=\"qt-rm-copy\">Copy Roman numeral<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-status\" id=\"qt-rm-status\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-sub\">Date to Roman numerals<\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-grid\">\n<div class=\"qt-field\"><label for=\"qt-rm-date\">Date<\/label><input type=\"date\" id=\"qt-rm-date\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-field\"><label for=\"qt-rm-fmt\">Format<\/label><select id=\"qt-rm-fmt\"><option value=\"mdy\" selected>Month Day Year (US)<\/option><option value=\"dmy\">Day Month Year<\/option><option value=\"ymd\">Year Month Day<\/option><\/select><\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-field\"><label for=\"qt-rm-sep\">Separator<\/label><select id=\"qt-rm-sep\"><option value=\".\" selected>Dots ( . )<\/option><option value=\" \u2022 \">Bullets ( \u2022 )<\/option><option value=\" - \">Dashes ( &#8211; )<\/option><option value=\" \">Spaces<\/option><\/select><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-result\" style=\"min-height:0;font-size:inherit\"><span class=\"qt-dateout\" id=\"qt-rm-dateout\">&#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"qt-explain\" id=\"qt-rm-datenum\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"qt-row\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"qt-btn qt-btn-ghost\" id=\"qt-rm-copydate\">Copy date<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script>(function () { function qtReady(fn) { if (document.readyState === 'loading') { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', fn); } else { fn(); } } function qtCopy(text, statusEl, okMsg) { function done(ok) { if (statusEl) { statusEl.textContent = ok ? (okMsg || 'Copied to clipboard.') : 'Press Ctrl+C (or Cmd+C) to copy.'; } } function fallback() { var ta = document.createElement('textarea'); ta.value = text; ta.setAttribute('readonly', ''); ta.style.position = 'fixed'; ta.style.top = '-1000px'; document.body.appendChild(ta); ta.select(); var ok = false; try { ok = document.execCommand('copy'); } catch (e) { ok = false; } document.body.removeChild(ta); done(ok); } if (navigator.clipboard) { if (window.isSecureContext) { navigator.clipboard.writeText(text).then(function () { done(true); }, fallback); return; } } fallback(); } function qtRand32() { var c = window.crypto || window.msCrypto; if (c) { if (c.getRandomValues) { var a = new Uint32Array(1); c.getRandomValues(a); return a[0]; } } return Math.floor(Math.random() * 4294967296); } function qtRandInt(range) { if (range === 4294967296) { return qtRand32(); } var limit = Math.floor(4294967296 \/ range) * range; var x = qtRand32(); while (x >= limit) { x = qtRand32(); } return x % range; } qtReady(function () { var numEl = document.getElementById('qt-rm-num'); if (!numEl) { return; } var romEl = document.getElementById('qt-rm-rom'); var dateEl = document.getElementById('qt-rm-date'); var fmtEl = document.getElementById('qt-rm-fmt'); var sepEl = document.getElementById('qt-rm-sep'); var status = document.getElementById('qt-rm-status'); var vals = [1000, 900, 500, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1]; var syms = ['M', 'CM', 'D', 'CD', 'C', 'XC', 'L', 'XL', 'X', 'IX', 'V', 'IV', 'I']; var valid = \/^M{0,3}(CM|CD|D?C{0,3})(XC|XL|L?X{0,3})(IX|IV|V?I{0,3})$\/; var map = { I: 1, V: 5, X: 10, L: 50, C: 100, D: 500, M: 1000 }; function toRoman(n) { var out = ''; for (var i = 0; vals.length > i; i++) { while (n >= vals[i]) { out += syms[i]; n -= vals[i]; } } return out; } function explain(n) { var parts = []; for (var i = 0; vals.length > i; i++) { while (n >= vals[i]) { parts.push(syms[i] + ' (' + vals[i] + ')'); n -= vals[i]; } } return parts.join(' + '); } function fromRoman(r) { var total = 0; for (var i = 0; r.length > i; i++) { var v = map[r[i]]; var next = map[r[i + 1]] || 0; total += next > v ? -v : v; } return total; } function msg(t, err) { status.textContent = t; status.classList.toggle('qt-error', !!err); } function setResult(big, small) { document.getElementById('qt-rm-result').textContent = big; document.getElementById('qt-rm-explain').textContent = small; } function onNum() { var v = numEl.value.replace(\/[,\\s]\/g, ''); if (v === '') { romEl.value = ''; setResult('?', ''); msg(''); return; } if (!\/^\\d+$\/.test(v)) { msg('Type a whole number from 1 to 3999.', true); return; } var n = parseInt(v, 10); if (1 > n || n > 3999) { msg('Standard Roman numerals go from 1 (I) to 3999 (MMMCMXCIX). There is no Roman numeral for zero.', true); return; } var r = toRoman(n); romEl.value = r; setResult(n + ' = ' + r, explain(n)); msg(''); } function onRom() { var r = romEl.value.toUpperCase().replace(\/\\s+\/g, ''); if (r === '') { numEl.value = ''; setResult('?', ''); msg(''); return; } if (\/[^IVXLCDM]\/.test(r)) { msg('Roman numerals only use the letters I, V, X, L, C, D and M.', true); return; } var n = fromRoman(r); if (!valid.test(r)) { var proper = n > 0 ? (3999 >= n ? toRoman(n) : '') : ''; msg(r + ' is not written in standard form' + (proper ? '. The standard way to write ' + n + ' is ' + proper + '.' : '.'), true); if (proper) { numEl.value = n; setResult(r + ' \u2248 ' + n, 'Standard form: ' + proper); } return; } numEl.value = n; setResult(r + ' = ' + n, explain(n)); msg(''); } function onDate() { var out = document.getElementById('qt-rm-dateout'); if (!dateEl.value) { out.textContent = '-'; return; } var p = dateEl.value.split('-'); var y = parseInt(p[0], 10), m = parseInt(p[1], 10), d = parseInt(p[2], 10); if (1 > y || y > 3999) { out.textContent = 'Pick a year from 1 to 3999.'; return; } var parts = fmtEl.value === 'mdy' ? [m, d, y] : (fmtEl.value === 'dmy' ? [d, m, y] : [y, m, d]); out.textContent = parts.map(toRoman).join(sepEl.value); document.getElementById('qt-rm-datenum').textContent = parts.join(sepEl.value); } numEl.addEventListener('input', onNum); romEl.addEventListener('input', onRom); [dateEl, fmtEl, sepEl].forEach(function (el) { el.addEventListener('input', onDate); el.addEventListener('change', onDate); }); document.getElementById('qt-rm-copy').addEventListener('click', function () { if (romEl.value) { qtCopy(romEl.value, status, 'Copied ' + romEl.value); } }); document.getElementById('qt-rm-copydate').addEventListener('click', function () { var t = document.getElementById('qt-rm-dateout').textContent; if (t.length > 1) { qtCopy(t, status, 'Copied ' + t); } }); Array.prototype.forEach.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-qt-year]'), function (b) { b.addEventListener('click', function () { numEl.value = b.getAttribute('data-qt-year'); onNum(); }); }); if (!dateEl.value) { var td = new Date(); dateEl.value = td.getFullYear() + '-' + String(td.getMonth() + 1).padStart(2, '0') + '-' + String(td.getDate()).padStart(2, '0'); } onNum(); onDate(); }); })();<\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong>Quick answer:<\/strong> Type a number to get its Roman numeral, or type Roman numerals to get the number. 2026 in Roman numerals is <strong>MMXXVI<\/strong> (1000 + 1000 + 10 + 10 + 5 + 1). Use the date box to turn a full date into Roman numerals.<\/p>\n<h2>How Roman numerals work<\/h2>\n<p>Roman numerals use seven letters:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>I<\/strong> = 1, <strong>V<\/strong> = 5, <strong>X<\/strong> = 10, <strong>L<\/strong> = 50<\/li>\n<li><strong>C<\/strong> = 100, <strong>D<\/strong> = 500, <strong>M<\/strong> = 1000<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Write the values from largest to smallest and add them up: <strong>XVI<\/strong> = 10 + 5 + 1 = 16. To avoid four of the same letter in a row, a smaller letter placed <em>before<\/em> a larger one is subtracted. Only six of these pairs are used:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>IV<\/strong> = 4 and <strong>IX<\/strong> = 9<\/li>\n<li><strong>XL<\/strong> = 40 and <strong>XC<\/strong> = 90<\/li>\n<li><strong>CD<\/strong> = 400 and <strong>CM<\/strong> = 900<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>So 1999 is not &#8220;MIM&#8221; but <strong>MCMXCIX<\/strong>: M (1000) + CM (900) + XC (90) + IX (9). The converter flags numerals like &#8220;IIII&#8221; or &#8220;IC&#8221; that break these rules and shows the standard form.<\/p>\n<h2>Roman numerals chart<\/h2>\n<table class=\"qt-ref\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Number<\/th>\n<th>Roman<\/th>\n<th>Number<\/th>\n<th>Roman<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>I<\/td>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<td>XIV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>II<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>XV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>III<\/td>\n<td>19<\/td>\n<td>XIX<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>IV<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>XX<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>V<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>XL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>VI<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<td>L<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>VII<\/td>\n<td>90<\/td>\n<td>XC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>VIII<\/td>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td>C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>IX<\/td>\n<td>400<\/td>\n<td>CD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>X<\/td>\n<td>500<\/td>\n<td>D<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>XI<\/td>\n<td>900<\/td>\n<td>CM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>XII<\/td>\n<td>1000<\/td>\n<td>M<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Roman numerals for years<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>1999 = <strong>MCMXCIX<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>2000 = <strong>MM<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>2024 = <strong>MMXXIV<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>2025 = <strong>MMXXV<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>2026 = <strong>MMXXVI<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>2027 = <strong>MMXXVII<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Film credits, building cornerstones and the Super Bowl all use Roman numeral years. The Super Bowl in February 2026 was Super Bowl LX, the 60th.<\/p>\n<h2>How to write a date in Roman numerals<\/h2>\n<p>Convert the day, month and year separately and join them with dots, dashes or spaces. In the US order (month, day, year), October 13, 2026 becomes <strong>X.XIII.MMXXVI<\/strong>. Pick the order that matches how dates are written where you live: the US puts the month first, while the UK, India and most of Europe put the day first. Double-check dates for tattoos and engravings with the converter above; it&#8217;s easy to swap the day and month.<\/p>\n<h2>FAQ<\/h2>\n<h3>What is the largest Roman numeral?<\/h3>\n<p>With standard letters, 3999 (MMMCMXCIX). Romans wrote bigger numbers by drawing a line over a numeral to multiply it by 1,000, but that notation is rarely used today.<\/p>\n<h3>Is there a Roman numeral for zero?<\/h3>\n<p>No. The Roman system had no zero. Medieval writers sometimes used the word &#8220;nulla&#8221; (none) instead.<\/p>\n<h3>Why do some clocks show IIII instead of IV?<\/h3>\n<p>Many clock and watch makers use IIII for 4 by tradition, partly because it balances the VIII on the other side of the dial. IV is still the standard form.<\/p>\n<h3>Can I type Roman numerals in lowercase?<\/h3>\n<p>Yes. The converter accepts &#8220;mmxxvi&#8221; as well as &#8220;MMXXVI&#8221;. Lowercase numerals are often used to number book prefaces (i, ii, iii).<\/p>\n<h2>More free tools<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qt-cards\"><a class=\"qt-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/tools\/binary-translator\/\"><strong>Binary Translator<\/strong><span>Convert text to binary code and binary back to text.<\/span><\/a><a class=\"qt-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/tools\/random-number-generator\/\"><strong>Random Number Generator<\/strong><span>Pick random numbers in any range, with no repeats.<\/span><\/a><a class=\"qt-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/tools\/case-converter\/\"><strong>Case Converter<\/strong><span>Change text to UPPERCASE, lowercase, Title Case and more.<\/span><\/a><a class=\"qt-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/tools\/dice-roller\/\"><strong>Dice Roller<\/strong><span>Roll D6, D20 and other virtual dice for games.<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p>See all of them on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/tools\/\">QuickOnlineTips free online tools<\/a> page.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This free Roman numeral converter turns any number from 1 to 3999 into Roman numerals and back, with a breakdown of how each one is built. It also converts dates, so you can write a birthday, wedding date or year in Roman numerals for a tattoo, a clock face, an invitation or a film credit&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":65595,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-65630","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/65630","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65630"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/65630\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":65633,"href":"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/65630\/revisions\/65633"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/65595"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quickonlinetips.com\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}